Research Article
Determination of Immunity Status of Vaccinated Health Care Workers against Hepatitis B Virus in Khartoum State, Sudan
Leila Mohamed A. Abdelgader, Aisha M. ELmamoon Mohammed, Ghanem Mohammed Mahjaf, Tibyan Abd Almajed Altaher, Mosab Nouraldein Mohammed Hamad
Middle East Research Journal of Medical Sciences; 6-11.
DOI: 10.36348/merjms.2024.v04i01.002
Background: The vaccination of health care workers (HCWs) for the hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a crucial part of hospital infection control programs. They are considered to be a population at high risk of developing HBV infection due to the high transmissibility of the virus and the risk related to occupational injuries. The risk is particularly high in HCWs with greater exposure to accidental inoculation at work and is related to the duration of professional activity, the characteristics of the healthcare center, and the type of population served. Objectives: The current study was conducted to evaluate the immunity status of the vaccinated HCWs against HBV in Khartoum State. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive laboratory-based study was conducted from December 2022 to February 2023. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire regarding age, gender, type of employment, length of employment, and duration of vaccination for each participant. 90 vaccinated HCWs were enrolled in this study; serum samples were collected from each participant; the Enzyme Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay technique was used to detect the anti-HBs level; and the collected data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). Results: This study included 90 healthcare workers, female 70 (77.8%), male 20 (22.2%) ages ranging from 20 to 52 years old, 45 (50%) of them laboratory specialists, and 23 (23.3%). Nursing 17 (18.9%), Dentists 5 (5.6%), and 2.5 (2.2%). The results of the current study reveal that 70% of the studied vaccinated HCWs have a protective level of HBs-Ab. Of these, 23.3% had an anti-HBs titer between 10 and 100 mIU/ml, and the rest, 46.7%, had an anti-HBs titer >100 mIU/ml, while 30% of them were not protective, 22.2% of them were males, and the rest, 77.8%, were females, with a mean age of 30 years. Conclusion: Though many HCWs had been exposed to the virus before or had received vaccinations, the majority of them were seroprotected against the hepatitis B virus. HCWs must be made aware of the prescribed immunization schedule and must be required to receive all recommended vaccinations.
Research Article
Impact of Nocturnal Push-Up on Morning Values of Peripheral Oxygen Saturation and Cardiovascular Indices in Young Males
Mayowa Jeremiah Adeniyi, Anna Chika Idaguko
Middle East Research Journal of Medical Sciences; 12-17.
DOI: 10.36348/merjms.2024.v04i01.003
A typical physical exercise is characterized by intensity, frequency, duration and rhythmicity. The study investigated the effect of nocturnal push-up on morning values of peripheral oxygen saturation (SPO2) and cardiovascular indices in apparently healthy males who have neither participated in pushup nor any programmed physical activities in the past three months. 15 apparently healthy young males averaging 16 years executed pushup work-out (44reps/min) between 7pm and 9 pm for a period of 2 weeks. SPO2, blood pressure and pulse rate were measured early in the morning between 6am and 8am 1 week before commencement of workout, two weeks of workout and a week after cessation of workout. Morning values of blood pressure and pulse rate were not significantly affected by either two week of pushup or cessation. However, morning value of SPO2 was significantly increased following 2 weeks of nocturnal pushup. 1week following cessation, SPO2 was not significantly altered. The finding of the study showed the beneficial effect of nocturnal pushup on peripheral oxygen saturations in young males.
Research Article
Walking Pace Induced Cardiovascular Recovery in School Sport- Aversive Students: Role of Gender
Mayowa Jeremiah Adeniyi, Anna Chika Idaguko
Middle East Research Journal of Medical Sciences; 18-24.
DOI: 10.36348/merjms.2024.v04i01.004
The importance of School sporting activities on psychomotor, cognitive and overall health of students has been documented. The aim of the study was to investigate the gender influence of walking pace on cardiovascular recovery in school sport aversive students. 30 students that consisted of 16 males and 14 females were recruited for the study using respondent driven sampling out of a pool of 50 students after satisfying the inclusion criteria. They were made to walk through the treadmill at 2.7km/h (low walking pace), 4.4 km/h (medium walking pace) and 5.5km/h (high walking pace) for 3 minutes. Blood pressure, pulse rate and SP02 were measured before, immediately after and 1 minute post recovery. High walking pace induced recovery systolic blood pressure was significantly elevated in females when compared to male. Recovery diastolic blood pressure, recovery mean arterial blood pressure (MABP), recovery pulse pressure and recovery pulse rate were higher at high walking pace in females than males. Under high, medium and low walking paces, shock index and pulse rate were elevated in females than males. In conclusion, school sport aversive females showed lower cardiovascular recovery than their male counterparts.
Research Article
Impact of Sudden Sit-Stand Postural Switch on Electroencephalogram
Mayowa Jeremiah Adeniyi, Awosika Ayoola, Anna Chika Idaguko
Middle East Research Journal of Medical Sciences; 25-30.
DOI: 10.36348/merjms.2024.v04i01.005
Postural changes are inevitable motor behavior and physiological phenomenon. The study recorded electroencephalographic findings characterizing sudden switch from sitting to standing posture. 15 young adult males who satisfied inclusion criteria were recruited for the study. Baseline electroencephalographic tracings were obtained using Powerlab 26T at sitting position using scalp electrodes and during sudden switch from sitting to standing. The results of the study revealed sudden switch from sitting had no significant effect on alpha wave amplitude, beta wave amplitude and beta wave frequency. However, both alpha wave frequency and alpha/beta ratio decreased with sudden switch from sitting to standing position. The findings of the study indicated that sudden sitting to standing posture caused reductions in alpha wave and alpha/beta ratio.
Research Article
How Are Short-Chain Fatty Acids Associated with Deranged Lipid Profiles in Cad Patients?
Dr. Anil Batta
Middle East Research Journal of Medical Sciences; 31-35.
DOI: 10.36348/merjms.2024.v04i01.006
Background: The phenomenon of Coronary Slow Flow (CSF) is an angiographic clinical verity, which is characterized by late opacification of the distal segments of the coronary artery without having significant stenosis. However, a definite and reliable mechanism of CSF is still not known. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) such as acetate, butyrate, and propionate are produced as a result of the fermentation of indigestible dietary fibres in the gut by the microbiota. Many studies have investigated the role of SCFA as a related signalling pathway in inflammation, glucose metabolism, and lipid metabolism. In this study, we investigated the correlation between Short Chain Fatty Acids and Lipid Profile serum in Patients with Slow Flow Coroner. Materials and Methods: 50 patients who were referred to the Department of Internal Medicine, Muzaffarnagar Medical College, Muzaffarnagar, were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data was obtained through laboratory examination and stool samples. Stool samples were analyzed for SCFA (acetate, propionate, and butyrate acids) with gas chromatography. Results: The results of the present study indicate that SCFA, acetate, propionate, and valerate did not show a significant correlation with lipid profile (P>0.05). The level of fecal butyrate was negatively correlated with HDL (p=<0.05; r = -0.532). Conclusions: Our study indicated that the level of butyrate was a moderate negative correlated with HDL inpatient with slow flow coroner.
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